Quite incidentally, we have been discussing (in our local network) on why "variable star observers can estimate the magnitudes of variables in the presence of the high sky background (as in strong twilight)". The question arose from the suspicion that the differential magnitude to the eye, in terms of incident photons, may be (object+sky)/(comparison+sky) rather than the simple, object/comparison. Is this assumption right, or any physiological mechanism relevant to efficient sky subtraction? Regards, Taichi Kato